Under the guise of protecting human rights, the Trump administration is illegally meddling in three countries it hasdubbedthe troika of tyranny Venezuela, Cuba and Nicaragua. National Security Adviser John Bolton claimed, Miami is home to countless Americans, who fled the prisons and death squads of the Castro regime in Cuba, the murderous dictatorships of Chavez and Maduro in Venezuela, and the horrific violence of the 1980s and today under the brutal reign of the Ortegas in Nicaragua.But the U.S. governmentshuman rights recorddoesnt compare favorably to Cubas. And the Trump administration, which ignores notorious human rights violators like Saudi Arabia, is acting out of more cynical motives in its commission of egregious human rights violations against Venezuela, Cuba and Nicaragua.

The U.S. government hasimposedunlawful, coercive sanctions on these nations, andattempted to mount a coupto illegally change Venezuelas regime.Trump and the real troika of tyranny Bolton, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo andU.S. envoy for Venezuela Elliott Abrams havefailedin theircoup attemptagainst thedemocratically electedVenezuelan President Nicolas Maduro. Trumps troika,egged onby Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Florida), are seeking to substitute U.S. puppet Juan Guaid for Maduro as president of Venezuela.

On May 1, PompeotoldFox Businessthat the U.S. might use military force in Venezuela if thats what is required. Eric Prince, founder of the infamous Blackwater mercenary group, presented a plan to U.S. and European leaders to provide5,000 mercenariesto Guaid.McClatchyreportedthat covert U.S. weapons shipments arrived in Venezuela from Miami in February.

This is particularly alarming because Russia has a solidarity presence in Venezuela and a U.S.-backed attack could risk a conflagration with Russia.

Furthermore, the United Nations Charter forbids countries from using or threatening to use force against the territorial integrity or political independence of another country. The Charter of the Organization of American States prohibits any country from intervening in the internal or external affairs of another nation. And the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights guarantees the right to self-determination.

Meanwhile, the Trump administration has increasedpunishing sanctions on Venezuela as a step toward forcible regime change. Statements from the [Trump] administration indicated that the purpose of the sanctions was to provoke a military rebellion to topple the government, according to anew reportby the Center for Economic and Policy Research.Those sanctions are exacerbating the humanitarian catastrophe in Venezuela. They haveled tomore than 40,000 deaths from 2017-2018 and oil production has fallen more than 36 percent since January 2019.

The report says the economic sanctions Trump imposed in August 2017 reduced the publics caloric intake, increased disease and mortality (for both adults and infants), and displaced millions of Venezuelans who fled the country as a result of the worsening economic depression and hyperinflation. In addition, They exacerbated Venezuelas economic crisis and made it nearly impossible to stabilize the economy, contributing further to excess deaths. All of these impacts disproportionately harmed the poorest and most vulnerable Venezuelans.According to the report, Even more severe and destructive than the broad economic sanctions of August 2017 were the sanctions imposed by executive order on January 28, 2019, and subsequent executive orders this year; and the recognition of a parallel government.

Seeking to pressure Cuba to cease its solidarity with Venezuela, Trump has slammed Cuba withmore sanctions, stiffening the economic and travel blockade and activatingTitle III of the Helms Burton Actto allow thousands of lawsuits that will discourage tourism and investment in Cuba.Trump hasthreatened Cubawith a full and complete embargo if it does not immediately stop supporting the Maduro government. Cuba called Bolton a pathological liar for alleging that Cuban troops are stationed in Venezuela. CubanForeign Minister Bruno Rodriguezstated at a news conference,This is vulgar calumny. Cuba does not have troops nor military forces nor does it participate in military or security operations of the sister Republic of Venezuela. Indeed, the CIA has determined that Cuba is much less involved and its solidarity is much less crucial to Venezuela than U.S. officials think,according toa former official.

In December 2018, Trump signed a billlevying sanctionsto block Nicaragua from obtaining loans from the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank and the International Monetary Fund. The U.S. government is targeting Nicaraguas Bancorp, whichhas tiesto Venezuela.All of these sanctions constitutecollective punishmentof the civilian population, which is prohibited by the Geneva and Hague Conventions. They also violate the Charter of the Organization of American States, which prohibits intervention in the internal or external affairs of another country and the use of economic or political coercive measures to force the sovereign will of another State.

This is not the first time the U.S. government has interfered and intervened in these three sovereign socialist countries. In 1960, responding to a secretState Department memo, the Eisenhower administration imposed an economic embargo on Cuba. The memo proposed a line of action which, while as adroit and inconspicuous as possible, makes the greatest inroads in denying money and supplies to Cuba, to decrease monetary and real wages, to bring about hunger, desperation and overthrow of government. The cruel U.S. economic blockade against Cuba, which continues to this day, has never led to the overthrow of the Cuban Revolution.

In the 1980s, the Regan administration illegallyassisted the Contras, who sought unsuccessfully to overthrow Daniel Ortegas socialist government in Nicaragua.And in 2002, the CIA during the George W. Bush administration mounted afailed coup attemptagainst socialist president Hugo Chavez in Venezuela.

The United States uses a double standard for its human rights concerns and its attacks on socialist countries.

Meanwhile, theEmbassy Protection Collectiveremains in the Venezuelan embassy in Washington, D.C. Members of CODEPINK and Popular Resistance have lived in the embassy for more than two weeks to protect it from a coup attempt and possible invasion by U.S.-backed opposition forces. On May 1, members of the collectivefended offan attempted takeover of the embassy by forces loyal to Guaid.

If the Trump administration were to enter the embassy to expel these people, who are present with consent of the Venezuelan government, it would violate theVienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. Article 22 of that treaty states, The premises of the mission shall be inviolable. U.S. agents are prohibited from entering the embassy without the consent of the Maduro government. The United States is also under a special duty to take all appropriate steps to protect the premises of the mission against any intrusion or damage and to prevent any disturbance of the peace of the mission or impairment of its dignity. And the premises, furniture and other property shall be immune from search, requisition, attachment or execution.

Margaret Flowers and Kevin Zeese, members of the Embassy Protective Collective,wrote,

“If the Venezuelan embassy in Washington is taken over by the opposition, it will have disastrous results. The Venezuelan government declared that if this happens, they will take the US embassy in Caracas. The US will view this as an act of aggression, and because it is already looking for an excuse to do so, could attack Venezuela. Because Russia and China are close allies of Venezuela, this could spark a global conflict.”

Why is Trumps troika so intent on regime change in Venezuela and sanctions in Cuba, Venezuela and Nicaragua?Last month, Bolton addressed the Bay of Pigs Veterans Association on the 58th anniversary of the Bay of Pigs invasion, in which the U.S. aided and abetted a failed attempt to overthrow Cubas Fidel Castro. Together, we can finish what began on those beaches,Bolton said, adding, We must reject the forces of communism and socialism in this hemisphere.

Its not simply anti-communism that animates the Trump administrations fixation on sanctions and regime change in these Latin American countries. With at least a half-million voters who were born in Cuba, Venezuela, Colombia or Nicaragua and more with ancestral roots in those countries its a constituency that could prove pivotal in November 2020 in a state thats essential to Trumps re-election fortunes, Marc CaputowroteatPolitico.

U.S. strategies on Cuba and Venezuela intertwine in an insidious way, and Senator Rubio is pivotal in both. Venezuela is really an extension of the position on Cuba,according to Ricardo Herrera, director of the Cuba Study Group. TheWall Street Journalreportsthat both countries are part of a plan to reassert U.S. dominance in Latin America and finally destroy the Cuban Revolution.

Moreover, corporate America wants to get its hands on Venezuelas oil. Boltonsaidin January, Were in conversation with major American companies now. It will make a big difference to the United States economically if we could have American oil companies really invest in and produce the oil capabilities in Venezuela.

Veterans for Peace issued a statement calling on U.S. troops to resist illegal orders to invade Venezuela, noting, While President Trump speaks of supporting democracy in Venezuela and Latin America, the real purpose of the U.S. assault on the Venezuelan government is to fully open the vast Venezuelan oil reserves to U.S. and other Western oil corporations as well as to destroy progressive governments in Latin America that put their own peoples needs above the profits of foreign corporations.

Although there is opposition to Maduros policies in Venezuela, people dont want the United States to impose its will on them. Eva Golinger, former adviser to Hugo Chavez,told Democracy Now!that certainly, there are many in Venezuela who would hope for change in their country, but they dont want a U.S.-backed regime in place. They dont want a far-right-imposed regime that answers to foreign interests, which is what were seeing take place in the country.

On May 1, Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-Minnesota), also appearing onDemocracy Now!,said, A lot of the policies that we have put in place has kind of helped lead the devastation in Venezuela, adding this particularly bullying and the use of sanctions to eventually intervene and make regime change really does not help the people of countries like Venezuela, and it certainly does not help and is not in the interest of the United States.

Many in Congress and thecorporate media walk in lockstepwith the administration on its Venezuela strategy. On April 3, a bipartisan group of senators introduceda billto recognize Guaid as the president of Venezuela.

Instead, Congress should passH.R.1004, the Prohibiting Unauthorized Military Action in Venezuela Act, which would forbid the use of U.S. military force in Venezuela without explicit congressional authorization. This bill is now pending in the House Armed Services and Foreign Affairs Committees. People can contact their representatives and urge them to co-sponsor and support H.R.1004.

Marjorie Cohn is professor emerita at Thomas Jefferson School of Law, former president of the National Lawyers Guild, deputy secretary general of the International Association of Democratic Lawyers and a member of the advisory board of Veterans for Peace. Her most recent book isDrones and Targeted Killing: Legal, Moral, and Geopolitical Issues.

First published in Truth Out, 3 May 2019