Mark Beeson

MARK BEESON. Crown: the trials of a tributary state.

Of all the indicators of Australias evolving relationship with China, Crown Casinos current problems are some of the most striking, unexpected and revealing. They present an unflattering but painfully accurate vignette of this countrys increasingly dependent relationship with the Peoples Republic.

We have all become accustomed to the idea that Australias economic future is inextricably bound up with Chinas. The Australian dollar is increasingly seen as a proxy for the health of the Chinese economy.Likewise, there are growing concerns that Chinas real estate bubble may be infecting ours, as wealthy Chinese look for seemingly more secure investment opportunities outside China.

We also seem to have become resigned to the idea that we dont make much in Australia anymore: we simply cannot compete with China when it comes to manufacturing, the argument goes. Luckily we can still dig things up. We can also develop the service sector, where we seem to have a comparative advantage.

At one level this looks like an unambiguously good thing. The industry in which I work would struggle without the fees paid by Chinese students. They are also very good ambassadors for this country when or if they return home.

Australias booming tourist trade with China also looks like the sort of benign win-win outcome so beloved of government spokespeople the world over. Or it does up to a point, at least.

The reality is a little more complex. Not only are many of the jobs on the tourism sector notoriously low-skill and low-pay as opposed to, say ,the disappearing car industry, for example but some of them are downright dodgy.

Its not necessary to be a joyless wowser to recognise that the gaming industry, as its euphemistically known, is not without its downsides. The industrys association with sleaze, money-laundering, and a range of social ills is well-established, but no obstacle to its growth or ability to promote itself endlessly despite its direct, well-documented pernicious consequences.

One of the most egregious impacts of a massive domestic gambling industry is the dependence state governments have on the taxes it generates, and their consequent willingness to tolerate the further immiseration of societys most vulnerable.

The unwillingness of state and federal governments to control the growth of this industry is the backdrop against which the current imbroglio is unfolding. The gaming industry is, we are encouraged to believe, one of Australias glittering attractions as far as the worlds most affluent are concerned.

Lest the high rollers of the world are unaware of the potential charms of a gambling holiday in Australia, Crown thoughtfully sends delegations to China to schmooze the so-called whales, who are apparently happy to lose millions in their casinos.

Whatever your view about this as a business model or a way of making a living, a few questions arise.

First, did no-one in the Packer empire realise that it is actually illegal in China to organise these sorts of gambling activities and trips, or that a Korean casino suffered a similar fate recently?

Second, did no-one notice theres a major crackdown on corruption occurring in China at the moment and that conspicuous consumption if thats quite how to describe losing millions gambling is considered to be rather bad form in China at present?

Third, where do the Chinese high rollers actually get all their money from in the first place? Best-case scenario is that they are just remarkably successful communist entrepreneurs with a few spare million to blow. Worst-case and most likely? scenario is that all that loot is ill-gotten and the product of corruption of one form or another.

The Chinese authorities might not be too pleased to see all that money disappearing out of the country at the best of times. But when its possibly generated from illegal activities at a time when relations with Australia are rather tepid, whats to be lost by a heavy-handed crackdown?

This episode doesnt reflect well on either country, but is likely to prove the proverbial storm in a teacup, albeit a rather embarrassing one as far as Australia is concerned.

Not only do recent events reveal a remarkable lack of understanding of the current climate in China, but they also reveal just how dependent Australia has become on the Middle Kingdom.

Bad enough, one might think, that weve become a palm-fringed quarry whose economic fate and wellbeing is decided far from our shores. Even worse when one of our apparently most important growth industries is almost entirely parasitic and devoid of any obvious social good. May you live in interesting times.

Mark Beeson is Professor of International Politics, University of WA. This article first appeared in The Conversation on October 19, 2016.

Mark Beeson

Mark Beeson is an Adjunct Professor at the University of Technology Sydney and Griffith University. His latest book is Environmental Anarchy? International Relations Theory and Practice in the Anthropocene, (Bristol University Press: 2021) He has also written Environmental Populism: The Politics of Survival; in the Anthropocene Palgrave 2019